Archive for the ‘Nutrition and Diet’ Category

Food for Thought– An Evening with Michael Pollan

Wednesday, October 21st, 2009

I had the good fortune to preview the new documentary, The Botany of Desire, last night. The film is based on the book by the same name by Michael Pollan, who was on hand to discuss the making of the film and the politics of food– all over a fine meal of cage-free chicken and organic vegetables.

Michael Pollan, as you may know, is the author of several bestsellers about the food we eat: The Omnivore’s Dilemna and In Defense of Food, An Eater’s Manifesto. Since I just happened to be reading the latter book, I was particularly delighted  to be invited to hear the author speak.

And speak he did. Pollan is articulate and forceful, making a strong argument for reform of what he calls “industrial agriculture.” Throwing out statistics designed to make your eyes pop, Pollan proceeded to illuminate why our country’s agricultural practice of focusing on commondity foods, such as corn, soybean, and wheat, has threatened our ecosystem: “monoculture” requires the widespread use of petrochemical-derived fertilizers, which burns through fossil fuels; clearing fields, using massive farming equipment, and transporting and processing commodity food pumps greenhouse gases into the atmosphere; the quantity and quality of these relatively “cheap calories” threatens our national health.

The crowd was suitably awed and appreciative, although one man asked Pollan about what seemed like a dust-up in San Luis Obispo some time ago in which an academic in the beef field took Pollan to task. Pollan skated over the details of the confrontation, but did acknowledge that elevated food prices are the main argument against his proposed reforms. We grow a lot of food cheaply now, he says, so that the equivalent of one hour’s work at minimum wage can “buy you thousands of calories at a fast food restaurant.” But what, he asks, is the quality and true cost of those cheap calories?

Regardless of where your opinions fall on the food policy spectrum–and people certainly seem to have passionate, wide-ranging views–The Omnivore’s Dilemna should be required reading for all. If nothing else, Pollan will make you think about where your food comes from and the seeming ubiquity of processed food that has become of staple of the Western Diet.

Meanwhile, The Botany of Desire, a visually beautiful film about the adaptive strategies of plants, premiers on October 28 at 8 pm on KQED. Check your local public television listings to see when it’s showing near you.

The Skinny on High Fructose Corn Syrup–or not

Thursday, September 17th, 2009

If you’re like me, you’ve heard the term ‘high fructose corn syrup’ bandied about and have a vague sense that the corn-derived sweetener is not good for you. But if you’re like me, you also want to know the truth. Does high fructose corn syrup deserve its bad rap?

First of all, a few interesting facts: high fructose corn syrup (HFCS) is a sugar-substitute sweetener used in many processed foods. I consider myself a pretty healthy eater, but when I did an informal survey in my kitchen, I found HFCS or its cousin, plain corn syrup, in a surprising number of products: Yoplait yogurt, Heinz ketchup, Safeway red cherry jam, A-1 steak sauce, KC Masterpiece BBQ sauce, Honey Bunches of Oats cereal, Campbell’s tomato soup… the list goes on, but I think you get the idea. The corn sweetener is everywhere! In fact, new research suggests that the average U.S. diet derives 10% of its calories just from high-fructose corn syrup.

All right, so the sweetener is everywhere. But is it so bad? The jury is still out. HFCS arrived on the scene in the 1970s, replacing plain sugar in many products (it is the main sweetener in soft drinks). The problem is that obesity rates have also climbed since the 1970s, and now a whopping 60% of Americans are considered overweight. Is there a link between our national fatness and the corn sweetener?

Those who criticize HFCS say overwhelmingly ‘yes’, and they have some data to support their beliefs. Animal studies suggest that high fructose consumption can trigger leptin-resistance. Leptin, as some of you may recall, is a satiety hormone. When levels of leptin rise in your blood, you feel full. But if you become resistant to leptin, you may overeat, and voila! There’s a route to weight gain. HFCS has also been linked with insulin-resistance, an increased risk of diabetes, and elevated levels of triglycerides.

Other studies (some of them sponsored by the corn refining industry) have found no difference between plain old sugar and HFCS in their effect on blood glucose, insulin, and leptin. These studies also suggest that whether a drink is sweetened with sugar or HFCS makes no difference in satiety and subsequent caloric intake.  

The take-home message? Too much sugar OR high fructose corn syrup is bad for you. Moderation in both is key. As for which sweetener is the lesser of two evils, we’ll just have to wait for more research to know for sure.